Georges-Antoine-Prosper Marilhat (1811-1847) was among the first French orientalist and naturalist painters of the nineteenth century. Son of a banker, Prosper Marilhat left Thiers for Paris in 1829 where he joined the studio of Charles Ciceri (1782-1868) that he quickly abandoned for Roqueplan Camille (1802-1855), and then started at the Salon of 1831. His taste for the painter Nicolas Poussin and the classics gave him the nickname “Accurate”. Baron von Hügel preparing a scientific expedition in the Middle East remarked the accuracy of his drawings and invited to accompany him as a designer. Marilhat then embarked in 1831. Visiting Upper Egypt, Marilhat made large drawings along the Nile that made his reputation. Having declined in Alexandria proposal of Baron to follow him to India, Marilhat returned to Cairo, where he drew street scenes and bazaars. Marilhat also focused on the outskirts of the city by visiting Bulak on the Nile or in the palm groves surrounding Cairo. It is from this period that the outstanding drawings of Cairo, point his ultimate art for architectural drawing. He returned to France in 1833 on the Sphinx, towing the obelisk of Luxor and brought back ten books of drawings and sketches, which were widely used by the artist to compose his paintings on his return to Paris. He then didn’t leave Paris until his death except the two trips he made in Italy and Provence. He attended the “Circle of Arts” where he met Prosper Mérimée. At the Salon of 1834, his Egyptian subjects aroused the enthusiasm of Théophile Gautier. At the Salon of 1835, the success continued with landscapes of Auvergne and the Orient. He received the Gold Medal for the Remembrance Rosette Campaign. In summer 1835, he made the traditional trip to Italy. He got a gold medal at the Salon of 1844 with a result of sending Orientalist works. Sick, Marilhat can’t return to the East, and painted in Paris three royal commissions in 1844 and 1845. After losing the reason, he died in 1847.